超聲波清洗器

超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清洗機的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)(li)是(shi)怎么樣的(de)(de)呢？下(xia)面就為大(da)家介紹下(xia)其工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)主要(yao)環節和步驟，超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清洗機如何工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)原理(li)(li)及(ji)知識。超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清洗機原理(li)(li)主要(yao)是(shi)將換能(neng)器，將功率超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)頻(pin)源的(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)，并且(qie)要(yao)轉換成(cheng)機械(xie)振動(dong)，通過清洗槽(cao)(cao)壁(bi)使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)將槽(cao)(cao)子中(zhong)的(de)(de)清洗液(ye)輻(fu)射(she)到(dao)超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)。由(you)于(yu)受到(dao)輻(fu)射(she)的(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)，使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)槽(cao)(cao)內(nei)液(ye)體中(zhong)的(de)(de)微氣(qi)(qi)泡能(neng)夠在聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)從而保持振動(dong)。當聲(sheng)(sheng)壓或者聲(sheng)(sheng)強受到(dao)壓力到(dao)達一定程(cheng)度時候，氣(qi)(qi)泡就會(hui)迅速膨(peng)脹，然(ran)后又突然(ran)閉(bi)合。在這段過程(cheng)中(zhong)，氣(qi)(qi)泡閉(bi)合的(de)(de)瞬間(jian)產生沖擊波(bo)，使(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)泡周圍產生1012-1013pa的(de)(de)壓力及(ji)局調溫(wen)，這種超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)空化(hua)所產生的(de)(de)巨(ju)大(da)壓力能(neng)破壞(huai)不溶性污(wu)(wu)物而使(shi)(shi)他們(men)分(fen)化(hua)于(yu)溶液(ye)中(zhong)，蒸汽(qi)型空化(hua)對污(wu)(wu)垢的(de)(de)直(zhi)接反復(fu)沖擊。

一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)破(po)壞污(wu)物(wu)與清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)的吸附，另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)能引起污(wu)物(wu)層(ceng)(ceng)的疲勞破(po)壞而(er)被(bei)駁離(li)，氣體型氣泡的振動對固(gu)(gu)體表面(mian)(mian)進行(xing)擦洗(xi)，污(wu)層(ceng)(ceng)一(yi)旦有縫可鉆，氣泡立(li)即“鉆入”振動使污(wu)層(ceng)(ceng)脫落(luo)(luo)，由于空化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，兩種(zhong)液體在(zai)(zai)界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)迅速(su)分散(san)而(er)乳化(hua)(hua)，當固(gu)(gu)體粒子被(bei)油污(wu)裹著而(er)粘附在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)時(shi)，油被(bei)乳化(hua)(hua)、固(gu)(gu)體粒子自(zi)行(xing)脫落(luo)(luo)，超聲(sheng)在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液中(zhong)傳播時(shi)會產(chan)生正負交變的聲(sheng)壓，形(xing)成射流(liu)，沖擊清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)件(jian)，同時(shi)由于非(fei)線(xian)性效應會產(chan)生聲(sheng)流(liu)和微(wei)聲(sheng)流(liu)，而(er)超聲(sheng)空化(hua)(hua)在(zai)(zai)固(gu)(gu)體和液體界(jie)(jie)面(mian)(mian)會產(chan)生高速(su)的微(wei)射流(liu)，所有這些(xie)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，能夠破(po)壞污(wu)物(wu)，除去(qu)或削(xue)弱邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)污(wu)層(ceng)(ceng)，增加攪拌、擴散(san)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，加速(su)可溶(rong)性污(wu)物(wu)的溶(rong)解，強化(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)劑的清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。由此可見，凡是液體能浸到且聲(sheng)場存在(zai)(zai)的地方都有清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，其(qi)特點適用(yong)(yong)于表面(mian)(mian)形(xing)狀非(fei)常復雜(za)的零件(jian)的清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)。尤其(qi)是采(cai)用(yong)(yong)這一(yi)技術后，可減少化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)溶(rong)劑的用(yong)(yong)量，從(cong)而(er)大大降低(di)環境(jing)污(wu)染。

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王翠翠